Thus it is unclear whether the process protects or causes diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. This process generates ATP, which may delay cell death if the cell is under nutrient depleted conditions leading to the survival of the cell. This then fuses with nearby lysosomes, giving rise to an autolysosome, where the intracellular components are degraded by hydrolytic enzymes.
During the formation of the autophagosome structure, organelles such as mitochondria, parts of the ER and Golgi apparatus are engulfed by the autophagosome with the final closure of the double membrane structure occurring next. The formation of the autophagosome double membrane structure within the cytoplasm is thought to be formed from pre-existing membranes within the cell, although it is unknown whether the Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) or mitochondria are used preferentially to form the autophagosome structure. Cytoplasm, misfolded protein aggregates, dysfunctional mitochondria and stressed endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are engulfed by the formation of a double membrane forming an autophagosome. The mechanism of organelle autophagy in cells undergoing macro-autophagy (from here on termed autophagy) is poorly understood. Ready to take your reading offline? Click here to buy this book in print or download it as a free PDF, if available.The term autophagy, (Type II Apoptosis) is derived from the Greek roots “auto” (self) and “phagy” (eat) and was first coined by De Duve in 1967 to epitomise this type of cell death.
View our suggested citation for this chapter. Share a link to this book page on your preferred social network or via email. To search the entire text of this book, type in your search term here and press Enter. Also, you can type in a page number and press Enter to go directly to that page in the book. Jump up to the previous page or down to the next one.
or use these buttons to go back to the previous chapter or skip to the next one. Show this book's table of contents, where you can jump to any chapter by name. Based on feedback from you, our users, we've made some improvements that make it easier than ever to read thousands of publications on our website.ĭo you want to take a quick tour of the OpenBook's features? No Thanks Take a Tour » You're looking at OpenBook, NAP.edu's online reading room since 1999. APPENDIX B: CURRICULA VITAE OF PANEL MEMBERS 103–104.APPENDIX A: DIAGRAM OF A REPRESENTATIVE CELL 99–102.GOVERNMENT SUPPORT FOR RESEARCH IN CELL BIOLOGY 92–94 RESEARCH SUPPORT FOR CELL BIOLOGY IN OTHER COUNTRIES 91.GOVERNMENT SUPPORT FOR RESEARCH IN CELL BIOLOGY 75–87 CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY 53–56.CHLOROPLASTS: PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND BIOGENESIS 44–50.MITOCHONDRIA: FUNCTION AND BIOGENESIS 37–41.CELL MOTILITY AND THE CYTOSKELETON 31–36.CYTOPLASM: ORGANELLES AND FUNCTIONS 18–27.NUCLEAR GENES: REGULATION AND FUNCTION 9–17.
0 kommentar(er)
